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QUERY · ISSUE

Discussion of Python 3.9 support

openby mattytrentiniopened 2021-10-15updated 2025-10-03
enhancementpy-core

This issue is intended to track the status of Python 3.9 core features as implemented by MicroPython.

Python 3.9.0 (final) was released on the 5th October 2020. The Features for 3.9 are defined in PEP 596 and a detailed description of the changes can be found in What's New in Python 3.9.

  • PEP 584, union operators added to dict;
  • PEP 585, type hinting generics in standard collections;
  • PEP 614, relaxed grammar restrictions on decorators.
  • PEP 616, string methods to remove prefixes and suffixes.
  • PEP 593, flexible function and variable annotations;
  • PEP 573, fast access to module state from methods of C extension types;
  • PEP 617, CPython now uses a new parser based on PEG;
  • PEP 615, the IANA Time Zone Database is now present in the standard library in the zoneinfo module;
  • PEP 602, CPython adopts an annual release cycle. Instead of annual, aiming for two month release cycle

Other language changes

  • __import__() now raises ImportError instead of ValueError; Done, see 53519e322a5a0bb395676cdaa132f5e82de22909
  • Python now gets the absolute path of the script filename specified on the command line (ex: python3 script.py): the __file__ attribute of the __main__ module became an absolute path, rather than a relative path.
  • By default, for best performance, the errors argument is only checked at the first encoding/decoding error and the encoding argument is sometimes ignored for empty strings.
  • "".replace("", s, n) now returns s instead of an empty string for all non-zero n. It is now consistent with "".replace("", s).
  • Any valid expression can now be used as a decorator. Previously, the grammar was much more restrictive.
  • Parallel running of aclose() / asend() / athrow() is now prohibited, and ag_running now reflects the actual running status of the async generator.
  • Unexpected errors in calling the __iter__ method are no longer masked by TypeError in the in operator and functions contains(), indexOf() and countOf() of the operator module.
  • Unparenthesized lambda expressions can no longer be the expression part in an if clause in comprehensions and generator expressions.

Changes to MicroPython built-in modules

  • asyncio
    • Due to significant security concerns, the reuse_address parameter of asyncio.loop.create_datagram_endpoint() is no longer supported
    • Added a new coroutine shutdown_default_executor() that schedules a shutdown for the default executor that waits on the ThreadPoolExecutor to finish closing. Also, asyncio.run() has been updated to use the new coroutine.
    • Added asyncio.PidfdChildWatcher, a Linux-specific child watcher implementation that polls process file descriptors
    • Added a new coroutine asyncio.to_thread()
    • When cancelling the task due to a timeout, asyncio.wait_for() will now wait until the cancellation is complete also in the case when timeout is <= 0, like it does with positive timeouts.
    • asyncio now raises TyperError when calling incompatible methods with an ssl.SSLSocket socket
  • gc
    • Garbage collection does not block on resurrected objects
    • Added a new function gc.is_finalized() to check if an object has been finalized by the garbage collector
  • math
    • Expanded the math.gcd() function to handle multiple arguments. Formerly, it only supported two arguments.
    • Added math.lcm(): return the least common multiple of specified arguments
    • Added math.nextafter(): return the next floating-point value after x towards y
    • Added math.ulp(): return the value of the least significant bit of a float
  • os
    • Exposed the Linux-specific os.pidfd_open() and os.P_PIDFD
    • The os.unsetenv() function is now also available on Windows
    • The os.putenv() and os.unsetenv() functions are now always available
    • Added os.waitstatus_to_exitcode() function: convert a wait status to an exit code
  • random - Added a new random.Random.randbytes method: generate random bytes
  • sys
    • Added a new sys.platlibdir attribute: name of the platform-specific library directory
    • Previously, sys.stderr was block-buffered when non-interactive. Now stderr defaults to always being line-buffered.

(Changes to non-built-in modules will need to be documented elsewhere.)

CANDIDATE · ISSUE

Discussion of Python 3.8 support

openby mattytrentiniopened 2021-10-14updated 2025-10-03
py-core

This issue is intended to track the status of Python 3.8 core features as implemented by MicroPython.

Python 3.8.0 (final) was released on the 14 October 2019. The Features for 3.8 are defined in PEP 569 and a detailed description of the changes can be found in What's New in Python 3.8.

  • PEP 570, Positional-only arguments
  • PEP 572, Assignment Expressions; Done, see #4908
  • PEP 574, Pickle protocol 5 with out-of-band data
  • PEP 578, Runtime audit hooks
  • PEP 587, Python Initialization Configuration
  • PEP 590, Vectorcall: a fast calling protocol for CPython

Misc

  • f-strings support = for self-documenting expressions and debugging; Done, see #7649

Other language changes

  • A continue statement was illegal in the finally clause due to a problem with the implementation. In Python 3.8 this restriction was lifted; Done, see 82c494a97e874912e7eb23d2f03f39212e343fb3
  • The bool, int, and fractions.Fraction types now have an as_integer_ratio() method like that found in float and decimal.Decimal
  • Constructors of int, float and complex will now use the __index__() special method, if available and the corresponding method __int__(), __float__() or __complex__() is not available
  • Added support of \N{name} escapes in regular expressions
  • Dict and dictviews are now iterable in reversed insertion order using reversed()
  • The syntax allowed for keyword names in function calls was further restricted. In particular, f((keyword)=arg) is no longer allowed
  • Generalized iterable unpacking in yield and return statements no longer requires enclosing parentheses
  • When a comma is missed in code such as [(10, 20) (30, 40)], the compiler displays a SyntaxWarning with a helpful suggestion
  • Arithmetic operations between subclasses of datetime.date or datetime.datetime and datetime.timedelta objects now return an instance of the subclass, rather than the base class
  • When the Python interpreter is interrupted by Ctrl-C (SIGINT) and the resulting KeyboardInterrupt exception is not caught, the Python process now exits via a SIGINT signal or with the correct exit code such that the calling process can detect that it died due to a Ctrl-C
  • Some advanced styles of programming require updating the types.CodeType object for an existing function
  • For integers, the three-argument form of the pow() function now permits the exponent to be negative in the case where the base is relatively prime to the modulus
  • Dict comprehensions have been synced-up with dict literals so that the key is computed first and the value second
  • The object.__reduce__() method can now return a tuple from two to six elements long

Changes to MicroPython built-in modules

  • asyncio
    • asyncio.run() has graduated from the provisional to stable API
    • Running python -m asyncio launches a natively async REPL
    • The exception asyncio.CancelledError now inherits from BaseException rather than Exception and no longer inherits from concurrent.futures.CancelledError
    • Added asyncio.Task.get_coro() for getting the wrapped coroutine within an asyncio.Task
    • Asyncio tasks can now be named, either by passing the name keyword argument to asyncio.create_task() or the create_task() event loop method, or by calling the set_name() method on the task object
    • Added support for Happy Eyeballs to asyncio.loop.create_connection(). To specify the behavior, two new parameters have been added: happy_eyeballs_delay and interleave.
  • gc - get_objects() can now receive an optional generation parameter indicating a generation to get objects from
    • (Note, though, that while gc is a built-in, get_objects() is not implemented for MicroPython)
  • math
    • Added new function math.dist() for computing Euclidean distance between two points
    • Expanded the math.hypot() function to handle multiple dimensions
    • Added new function, math.prod(), as analogous function to sum() that returns the product of a ‘start’ value (default: 1) times an iterable of numbers
    • Added two new combinatoric functions math.perm() and math.comb()
    • Added a new function math.isqrt() for computing accurate integer square roots without conversion to floating point
    • The function math.factorial() no longer accepts arguments that are not int-like
  • sys - Add new sys.unraisablehook() function which can be overridden to control how “unraisable exceptions” are handled

(Changes to non-built-in modules will need to be documented elsewhere.)

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